The “Dark Fleet” Phenomenon: Risks for Charterers and Owners

In recent years, the so-called “dark fleet” has transformed the maritime landscape. This shadow network consists largely of old tankers in sanctioned trades, particularly involving Russian, Iranian, or Venezuelan oil. These vessels often use deceptive…

Understanding the Jurisdiction, Powers, Function and Fees of the Insurance Committee for Settling and Resolving Insurance Disputes

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has established a unified regulatory body for the insurance and banking sectors, known as the Ombudsman Unit for the United Arab Emirates “Sanadak” (operating under the UAE Central Bank) Sanadak commenced…